2019考研英语阅读解题秘籍

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   考研英语阅读理解推理题主要考查的是考生的判断、推理和引申能力。这种题型考查考生在现实生活中的阅读技能即快速、准确推导出所需信息的能力，要求考生能够 看懂题目提供的四个选项并在文中检索相关信息。以下是成都考研英语辅导老师为大家整理的“2019考研英语阅读解题秘籍”的相关信息，希望对大家有帮助!
  判断、推理和引申题的两种题型
　1. 一正三误
　一正三误题型要求考生找出四个选项中惟一正确的一个。检验答案时要注意这种题型常采用的三种命题方式：正话反说、反话正说和关键词替换。
　1997年第64题：
　No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of nation. “Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. “You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?” At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul-searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. It’s a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.
　At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the company’s mountainous debt, which will increase to $17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently.
　The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the company's rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T’s violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet. “The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won’t retreat in the face of any threats.”
　Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders’ meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society’s ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the “balanced struggle” between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.
　The 15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. “Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited,” says Luce. “I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.”
　The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that.
　[A] Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner
　[B] Gerald Levin is liable to compromise
　[C] Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate
　[D] Steve Ross is no longer alive
　第一段的后一句暗示了什么?
　这是一个标准的三误一正的推理引申题。正确答案：D
　2. 三正一误
　三正一误题型要求考生判断哪一个选项与文章不符。检验答案时有两种方式，一是正确选项所给的信息在文中根本没有提到过，二是正确选项所给信息与文中其他内容相互冲突。
　1996年第56题：
　With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewers in Asia and America can now watch the Corporation’s news coverage, as well as listening to it.
　And of course in Britain listeners and viewers can tune in to two BBC television channels, five BBC national radio services and dozens of local radio stations. They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and current affairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children’s programmes and films for an annual license fee of ￡83 per household.
　It is a remarkable record, stretching back over 70 years—yet the BBC's future is now in doubt. The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programmes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain.
　The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC—including ordinary listeners and viewers—to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is that the BBC’s royal charter runs out in 1996 and it must decide whether to keep the organization as it is, or to make changes.
　Defenders of the Corporation—of whom there are many—are fond of quoting the American slogan “If it ain’t broken, don't fix it.” The BBC “ain’t broke”, they say, by which they mean it is not broken (as distinct from the word ‘broke’, meaning having no money), so why bother to change it?
　Yet the BBC will have to change, because the broadcasting world around it is changing. The commercial TV channels—TV and Channel 4—were required by the Thatcher Government’s Broadcasting Act to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs. But it is the arrival of new satellite channels—funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers’ subscriptions—which will bring about the biggest changes in the long term.
　In the passage, which of the following about the BBC is not mentioned as the key issue?
　[A] Extension of its TV service to Far East.
　[B] Programmes as the subject of a nation-wide debate.
　[C] Potentials for further international co- operations.
　[D] Its existence as a broadcasting organization.
　下列哪一项BBC没有作为一个关键问题提及?
　这是一个标准的三正一误推理引申题。正确答案：C。
　由历年考研英语试题可知，阅读理解部分的试题中，大多数是针对段落的细节设计的，其目的是为了测试考生对组成段落的主体部分的理解。在每年的考试中，细节题的数量是多的，大约占50%，其中涉及对文章中复杂句、列举、例证、引用、转折、因果关系等的处理，因此做好这类题至关重要。
　另外，细节题的测试在另一方面也可以考察考生对段落结构的理解程度，哪些是辅助论点，哪些是主要脉络，只有对这些细节有一定的了解，我们才能更深入地领会文 章。文章的细节并不是孤立的，它总要与其他事实前后呼应，一般来说，作者总会把同等性质的事实放在一起，并借助不同的衔接手段进行组合，从而达到说服读者 或阐明观点的目的。其提问方式不外乎有以下几种：
　The author provides following examples except …
　According to the author, all of the following are true except (that)____.
　Which is among the best possible ways to…?
　Which of the following would NOT be an example____?
　Which of the following is the LEAST likely…?
   针对细节题，考生要注意分析句子和句子之间的关系，是因果、递近、转折还是什么?尤其要注意文章的第一句和后一句，以及每段的第一句和后一句与其它句子 的关系，体会每句话在文章中的作用。在阅读过程中，要培养自己对文章主要讨论对象、关键词，作者和老牌的观点，以及语气的把握。特别注意作者和老牌的观 点，老牌和老牌之间的观点是否相同或相反或互补，以及作者和老牌的语气是赞成还是反对，是关注还是乐观等等。如果是试题，还要仔细分析考点和正确、干扰选 项的规律、特征。在此过程中，可把文章尽可能的多读几遍，甚至翻译一下，增加对文章中单词、短语、句型等的反应速度，阅读速度自然也就增加了。

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