翻译硕士：笔译词汇分类盘点国情（4）

五好家庭 Five-Virtues Family

下岗职工 unemployed workers and staff; laid-off employees

乡镇企业 township enterprises

学生减负 reduce students’ study load

严打斗争 strike-hard operation/campaign to crack down crimes

总体规划 overall plan

引进人才 bring in needed personnel

优抚安置 provide special assistance to entitled groups

创新型国家 innovation-oriented nation

低收入家庭 low-income household/family

服务型政府 service-oriented government

好层次人才 high-caliber personnel

好技能人才 highly skilled personnel

公用互联网 public Internet

固定电话网 fixed-line telephone network

简易过渡房 makeshift shelter

经济适用房 affordable housing

开放型经济 an open economy

科学发展观 scientific outlook on development

人口功能区 functional population zone

三八红旗手 March 8 Red Flag Bearer

下基层锻炼 temper oneself in a grassroots unit

移动通信网 mobile communication network

自觉排队日 Queuing-up Day

地方保护主义 regional protectionism

城市低收入者 low-income city dwellers

爱国统一战线 patriotic united front

坚持基本纲领 uphold the basic program

抗灾救灾工作 efforts to combat disasters and provide relief

平房改造工程 renovation project of shanty dwellings

人事制度改革 reform of personnel system

社会**工作 social security work

社会**体制 social security system

社会利益格局 interest of different social groups

社会信用体系 social credit system

社会转型时期 period of social transition

社会组织形式 the way society if organized

特色优势产业 industries with local advantages

贴小广告的人 bill sticker

增强道德观念 enhance one’s moral awareness

重复建设项目 overlapping/ redundant project

住房制度改革 reform of housing system

自主创新能力 capacity for independent innovation

低生活** subsistence allowance

农村富余劳动力 surplus rural labor

社会主义荣辱观 Socialist Concept of Honor and Disgrace

西部大开发战略 western development strategy

**和改善民生 ensure the wellbeing of the people and improve their lives

粗放性增长方式 extensive mode of growth; inefficient model of growth

城乡社会救助体系 urban and rural emergency aid system

留守女士/留守男士 grass widow/widower

农村合作医疗制度 system of rural cooperative medical care

城乡公共就业与服务 urban and rural systems for providing public employment services

加强和改善宏观调控 improve macro control

社会主义核心价值观 core socialist values

《国家发展规划纲要》 Outline of the National Development Program

(农村)劳动力转移就业 (rural workers) find work in nonagricultural sectors

城镇职工基本养老保险制度 basic old-age insurance system for urban workers

中国执行改革开放政策，争取在五十年内发展起来。

China, by pursuing the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, is striving to become developed within 50 years.

就我们中国来讲，首先要摆脱贫穷。要摆脱贫穷，就要找出一条较快的发展道路。

For China, the first thing is to shake off poverty. To do that, we have to find a way to develop rapidly.

中国人多、底子薄，发展很不平衡，人均国内生产总值还处于世界后列。

We have a huge population, a weak economic foundation and uneven development, our per capita GDP ranks fairly low among the countries in the world.

中国拥有世界上多的人口，农业人口也是世界第一。

China, with the largest population in the world, also ranks first in agricultural population.

尽管水资源匮乏，耕地面积只占世界的7%，但中国得养活世界四分之一的人口。

In spite of water shortages and with just 7 percent of the arable land on earth, China has to feed a quarter of the world’s population.

如果非常概括地评价一下我国的贫富差距情况，那就是我国经济差距的上升速度过快了一些。

A very rough study of disparities in China’s wealth will show that they accelerate too fast.

在短短的20年时间里，我国已经从平均主义盛行的国家，转变为超过了国际上中等不平等程度的国家。

China has transferred from a country where economic equilibrium prevailed to one that exceeds the medium level of imbalance in wealth distribution n the world in a matter of only two decades.

我国民众的生活水平有了较大的增加，这就是大的上升流动。

The living standards of the people have registered a remarkable elevation. This is the upward movement in the broadest sense of the world.

在中国，以公有制为主体，各种经济成分共同发展的局面已经形成。

In China, a pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and perse sectors of the economy developing side by side has taken shape.

农民的生活水平不断增加，大部分农民已解决了温饱问题，不少农民已过上小康生活。

The living standards of farmers have kept rising. Most of them have enough food and clothing and quite a few are leading a moderately prosperous life.

香港回归祖国，标志着“一国两制”构想的巨大顺利。

Hong Kong’s return to the motherland marks the great success of the concept of “one country, two systems.”

二十年多来，中国经济体制改革不断深化，综合国力明显增强，对外经贸合作日益扩大。

Over the past two decades and more, China has deepened the reform of its economic system, notably increased its overall national strength and steadily expanded its foreign economic cooperation and trade.

中国地处东亚，幅员辽阔，人口众多，历史悠久。

China is an East Asian country with a large territory, a huge population and a long history.

中国从生产力到生产关系、从经济基础到上层建筑都发生了意义深远的重要变化。

China has experienced far-reaching changes in the productive forces and the relations of production, as well as in the economic base and the superstructure.

人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾是中国社会面临的主要社会矛盾。

A principal challenge to Chinese society’s is the gap between the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the backward production.

中国人口已超过13亿，约占世界人口的20%.

Our 1.3 billion people account for about one-fifth of the world’s population.

中国的资源禀赋并不理想。

China is not endowed with sufficient resources.

实现农村免费义务教育，这是我国教育发展史上的重要里程碑。

Free compulsory education made available to all rural students marks an important milestone in the history of the development of China’s education.

过去五年是改革开放和建设小康社会取得重大进展的五年，是社会生产力和综合国力显著增强的五年。

During the past five years, great strides were made in carrying our reform and opening up and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and the productive forces and overall national strength were significantly improved.

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