[考研英语长难句]历年考研英语试题长难句练习及详细分析(68)

(2020年)The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally assessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost its legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it wors for all participants.

本句共38词，句子相对较长，前后有2处标点隔开，整个句子结构较复杂。句子比较复杂是因为句子中包含了which引导的定语从句，定语从句中又出现了分词作定语，此外又嵌套一个定语从句的省略，出现了从句多层嵌套的情况;此外还有一个so that 引导的结果状语从句，所以导致了整个句子结构相当复杂。

根据断句原则中的标点，可将句子整体断为4部分，

1.句子主干：The success of Sci-Hub, shows sth.

2.句子主干中嵌套的宾语从句：the legal ecosystem has lost its legitimacy among its users and must be transformed

3.宾语从句中嵌套的结果状语从句：so that it wors for all participants.

4.定语从句：which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally assessed

分开理解：

1. 句子主干：The success of Sci-Hub, shows sth.

翻译：Sci-Hub的成功表明

2.宾语从句：the legal ecosystem has lost its legitimacy among its users and must be transformed

该从句就是一个简单的并列结构，among its users介词短语做定语修饰legitimacy;And后面是被动语态结构。

生词：legitimacy “合法性”;transform “改造，转变”

翻译：法律生态系统已失去其用户的合法性，必须对其进行改造。

3.宾语从句中嵌套的结果状语从句：so that it wors for all participants.

生词：participants 这里的意思是“参与者”

翻译：以使所有参与者都感到担忧。

4.定语从句：which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally assessed

生词：copies 这里意思是“副本”，assess意思为“评估”

该句较难是因为passing on copies they have themselves legally assessed做定语修饰researchers，而句子中they have themselves legally assessed是定语从句的省略(that)修饰copies。

passing on copies：研究人员传递副本

they have themselves legally assessed：他们自己经过法律评估的

整体翻译：这依赖于研究人员传递他们自己经过法律评估的副本

整句翻译调整：

1.句子主干：The success of Sci-Hub, shows sth.

2.句子主干中嵌套的宾语从句：the legal ecosystem has lost its legitimacy among its users and must be transformed ，宾语从句顺译即可。

3.宾语从句中嵌套的结果状语从句：so that it wors for all participants.结果状语从句顺译即可。

4.定语从句：which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally assessed，定语从句，使用大8原则，顺译即可

整句翻译：

Sci-Hub的成功依赖于研究人员传递他们自己经过法律评估的副本，这表明法律生态系统已失去其用户的合法性，必须对其进行改造，以使所有参与者都感到担忧。