2022考研英语语法：后置定语从句详解

(1)Such tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed.(2007 年 Text2)

(2)A team of researchers working together would submit the results of their research to a journal.(2008 年 Text2)

(3)Databases used by some companies don't rely on data collected systematically.(2009 年 Text2)

(4)The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value.(2007 年 Text4)

(5)The Japanese are seeing a decline of the traditional work-moral values.(2000 年Text4)

以上几个句子中的下划线部分就是短语作后置定语的部分，我们可归纳为：形容词短语、V-ing 短语、V-ed 短语(被动)、to do 短语(to do 前面的n指的是能力权利方式这类的)、介词短语(非全部)可做后置定语。

接下来学一下定语从句做后置定语。定语从句的构成包括先行词(名词或名词短语或句子)+从属连词+句子，比较难的是引导定语从句的从属连词。

That: ①N.+that从句 ②在从句中做主语、宾语或表语

①Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.(2013年Text4)该句that作主语，修饰政策。

Which: ①N.(物)+which从句 ②在从句中做主语、宾语或表语

These days the Net which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well.(2003年Text1)该句which作主语，修饰Net。

Who: ①N.(人)+who从句 ②在从句中做主语、宾语或表语

Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.(2013年新题型)该句who做主语，修饰科学家。

When: ①N.(时间)+when从句;②在从句中做时间状语

This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-1980, when they also almost tripled.(2002年Text3)Where: ①N.(地点)+where从句;②在从句中做地点状语

In Europe, where forestry is more advanced.

Why: ①reason+why从句;②在从句中做原因状语

The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business.(2014年Text2)

Whose: ①N.+“whose+名词”从句;②在从句中做主/宾/或表语

As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor.(2002年Text2)

介词+Which: ①N.+“介词+which”从句;②在从句中做状语

Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live.(2003年翻译)