2022考研英语新题型解题技巧之信息匹配题

首先我们来了解一下信息匹配题的题型特征。从文章上来说，信息匹配题的文章一般篇幅较长，信息量比较大，因此需要我们短时间内迅速找准信息，精准定位解题。从考察形式上来说，一般是表格形式，左边一列通常是专有名词(如人名或作品名)，右边一列是针对该专有名词的具体描述(如人物的观点)，一般考察人物与观点的匹配较多。

其次就是解题步骤。第一步，浏览文章，在文章中定位题干中出现的专有名词，同时在定位处标上对应题号。此处尤其要注意，人名可能以多种形式(全名、姓或名以及代词)出现，例如提到Tom Cruise除使用全名外，还可能会出现He、his、Tom、Cruise。第二步，浏览选项，圈画出选项中的名词短语。第三步，从题干专有名词出现次数最少的题目入手，将原文定位句(段落)和选项进行匹配，寻找原词复现或者替换。

下面我们以2014年试题练习一下。

Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Make your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

Emerging in the late Sixties and reaching a peak in the Seventies, Land Art was one of a range of new forms, including Body Art, Performance Art, Action Art and Installation Art, which pushed art beyond the traditional confines of the studio and gallery. Rather than portraying landscape, land artists used the physical substance of the land itself as their medium.

The British land art, typified by Richard Long’s piece, was not only more domestically scaled, but a lot quirkier than its American counterpart. Indeed, while you might assume that an exhibition of Land Art would consist only of records of works rather than the works themselves, Long’s photograph of his work is the work. Since his “action” is in the past, the photograph is its sole embodiment.

That might seem rather an obscure point, but it sets the tone for an exhibition that contains a lot of black-and-white photographs and relatively few natural objects.

Long is Britain’s best-known Land Artist and his Stone Circle, a perfect ring of purplish rocks from Portishead beach laid out on the gallery floor, represents the elegant, rarefied side of the form. The Boyle Family, on the other hand, stands for its dirty, urban aspect. Comprising artists Mark Boyle and Joan Hills and their children, they recreated random sections of the British landscape on gallery walls. Their Olaf Street Study, a square of brick-strewn waste ground, is one of the few works here to embrace the commonplaceness that characterizes most of our experience of the landscape most of the time.

Parks feature, particularly in the earlier works, such as John Hilliard’s very funny Across the Park, in which a long-haired stroller is variously smiled at by a pretty girl and unwittingly assaulted in a sequence of images that turn out to be different parts of the same photograph.

Generally however British land artists preferred to get away from towns, gravitating towards landscapes that are traditionally considered beautiful such as the Lake District or the Wiltshire Downs. While it probably wasn’t apparent at the time, much of this work is permeated by a spirit of romantic escapism that the likes of Wordsworth would have readily understood. Derek Jarman’s yellow-tinted film Towards Avebury, a collection of long, mostly still shots of the Wiltshire landscape evokes a tradition of English landscape painting stretching from Samuel Palmer to Pant Nash.

In the case of Hamish Fulton, you can’t help feeling that the Scottish artist has simply found a way of making his love of walking pay. A typical work, such as Seven Days, consists of a single beautiful black-and-white photograph taken on an epic walk, with the mileage and number of days taken listed beneath. British Land Art as shown in this well selected, but relatively modestly scaled exhibition wasn’t about imposing on the landscape, more a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art created passing through. It had its origins in the great outdoors, but the results were as gallery-bound as the paintings of Turner and Constable.

41. Stone Circle定位在第4段第1行，划线句represents为原词复现，elegant与选项中elegance为派生词，因此选择D选项。

42. Olaf Street Study定位在第4段第5行，划线句embrace(反映)与选项中depict(描述，刻画)为同义替换，commonplaceness与选项中ordinary side为同义替换，因此选择E选项。

43. Across the Park定位在第5段第2行，划线句images和different parts of the same photograph均为原词复现，因此选择G选项。

44. Towards Avebury定位在第6段第5行，划线句English landscape painting与tradition均为原词复现，evoke(唤起)与remind为同义替换，因此选择C选项。

45. Seven Days定位在第7段第2行，划线句walk为原词，taken和选项中took均由take变化而来，epic(史诗般的)与选项中long为同义替换，因此选择A选项。

B选项由landscape-oriented light conceptual arts可定位在第7段第6行，F选项由outdoors可定位在第7段倒数第2行，两处均与题目中五个专有名词无关，为干扰选项。